ABSTRACT:
Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an “iceberg” disease seen in all age groups. India shall have the largest number of diabetics by 2030. Type 2 DM is a metabolic disorder with inappropriate hyperglycemia either due to an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin secretion or reduction in the biologic effectiveness of insulin (Insulin resistance – IR) or both. IR is genetically programmed and is influenced by a combination of environmental and physical factors like diet and obesity. IR could increase risk for the early onset of DM in children of diabetics.
Methods: The body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), HOMA-IR (Homeostatic model assessment – IR) parameters were measured and statistically compared in 30 nondiabetics with family history of type 2 DM and 30 age matched nondiabetics without family history of type 2 DM.
Results: The FPI (8.79 ± 3.06) and HOMA-IR (1.94 ± 0.86) were statistically significant (p<0.05) in the FH + group when compared to the FH – group. WC and BP showed a trend towards increase in the FH + group.
Conclusion: There is hyperinsulinemia and IR in the FH + group. The complex genetic predisposition to IR and its association with the increasing WC in the FH + group predisposes such individuals to the development of type 2 DM.
Keywords: Body mass index, family history, fasting plasma glucose, fasting plasma insulin, type 2 diabetes mellitus, waist circumference.
Journal Authors
Thejaswini K.O 1, Dayananda G 2, Chandrakala S.P 3
1 Dept of Physiology, Sree Siddhartha Medical College and Research Hospital, Tumkur
2 Dept of Physiology, M S Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore.
3 Dept of Anatomy, Sree Siddhartha Medical College and Research Hospital, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.