Abstract:

Osteoporosis, is one of the global problem which causes deterioration of the bone microarchitecture and thereby results in fragility fractures, pain and disability. It is usually associated with old age, hormonal insufficiency. Recently it is known to be associated with type 2 diabetes. Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is a pandemic metabolic disorder and is a known to be a major risk factor of osteoporotic fractures. Bone is continuously renewed and remodeled and regulated by various factors such as the balance between osteoblast and osteoclast, leptin mediated pathway, leptin regulation of bone resorption and through cannabinoid receptors. But in type 2 DM because of insulin insensitivity, leptin insensitivity, altered osteoblast and osteoclast function, there occurs alteration of bone remodeling which results in osteoporosis. DM mediated osteoporosis is multifactorial. This review explains the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mediated osteoporosis